Zie ook deze search met het woord diabetes in de titels van artikelen op onze website.

Overigens is diabetes-2 meestal te genezen via een gezonde leefstijl met veel bewegen en sporten plus aangepast voedingspatroon met veel groenten en fruit en soms vette vis. Mensen met diabetes-2 krijgen dit ook vergoed en kunnen een gezondheidsprogramma volgen onder begeleiding. Zie ook dit artikel op onze website.

14 december 2024: Bron: GUT

Uit studiegegevens gepubliceerd in GUT stellen de onderzoekers dat het natuurlijke alkaloid Harmine (Harmijn) via de betacellen de insulineproductie herstelt. Wat zou betekenen dat diabetes, zowel diabetes 1 als 2 te genezen zou zijn met dit medicijn. Harmine (Harmijn) maakt deel uit van een groep medicijnen die DYRK1A-remmers worden genoemd en al eerder werden deze medicijnen gelinkt aan herstel van de insulineproductie. In een nieuwe studie herstelde Harmine (Harmijn) samen met GLP-1-receptoragonisten zoals semaglutide en exenatide de productie van insuline via de bèta-cellen.

De onderzoekers onder leiding van prof. dr. Esra Karakose voerden in het verleden verschillende laboratoriumstudies uit en hebben nu een dierstudie met muizen zonder immuunsysteem opgezet die opmerkelijke resultaten laat zien. De onderzoekers transplanteerden een klein aantal menselijke bètacellen in muizen zonder immuunsysteem, een situatie dat in principe model staat voor diabetes type 1 en type 2. De muizen werden behandeld met de combinatietherapie van Harmine (Harmijn) samen met GLP-1-receptoragonisten. Wat de onderzoekers zagen was heel opmerkelijk want binnen drie maanden na de start van de behandeling kwam de insulineproductie weer op gang en verdween de diabetes. Wat nog belangrijker lijkt is dat het aantal menselijke bètacellen met 700 procent toe nam mede onder invloed van alfacellen die veelvuldig voorkomen in de alvleesklier. Blijkbaar spelen deze alfacellen een grote rol in het nieuw produceren van menselijke bètacellen. Aldus schrijven de onderzoekers in hun studieverslag.

De ontdekking dat alfacellen in de alvleesklier kunnen worden omgezet in bèta-cellen biedt nieuwe hoop voor zowel type 1 als type 2 diabetespatiënten. “Dit is een heel belangrijke ontdekking die laat zien dat medicijnen uit de harmine-familie mogelijk de omzetting van cellen in de menselijke eilandjes van Langerhans kunnen stimuleren”, aldus onderzoeker Esra Karakose in een toelichting op hun studiepresentatie. “Dit zou betekenen dat mensen met alle vormen van diabetes veel potentiële bèta-cellen hebben, die zouden geactiveerd kunnen worden door medicijnen zoals Harmine (Harmijn) al of niet in combinatie met andere medicijnen.”

Het volledige studieverslag is gratis in te zien of te downloaden. Klik daarvoor op de titel van het abstract:

ArticleOnline now101832December 02, 2024Open access

Cycling alpha cells in regenerative drug-treated human pancreatic islets may serve as key beta cell progenitors

Esra Karakose1,7,8 esra.karakose@mssm.edu ∙ Xuedi Wang2,7 ∙ Peng Wang1∙ … ∙ Robert P. Sebra6 ∙ Dan Hasson2,3,4 ∙ Andrew F. Stewart1,7… Show more

Highlights

•

All previously annotated cell types are present in regenerative drug-treated human islets

•

Cycling alpha cells uniquely fulfill characteristics for regenerative drug-responsive cells

•

Regenerative drugs increase beta cell phenotypic markers in cycling alpha cells

•

Conversion of cycling alpha cells to beta cells contributes to beta cell mass expansion

Summary

Diabetes results from an inadequate number of insulin-producing human beta cells. There is currently no clinically available effective means to restore beta cell mass in millions of people with diabetes. Although the DYRK1A inhibitors, either alone or in combination with GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1) or transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily inhibitors (LY), induce beta cell replication and increase beta cell mass, the precise mechanisms of action remain elusive. Here we perform single-cell RNA sequencing on human pancreatic islets treated with a DYRK1A inhibitor, either alone or with GLP-1 or LY. We identify cycling alpha cells as the most responsive cells to DYRK1A inhibition. Lineage trajectory analyses suggest that cycling alpha cells may serve as precursor cells that transdifferentiate into beta cells. Collectively, in addition to enhancing expression of beta cell phenotypic genes in beta cells, our findings suggest that regenerative drugs may be targeting cycling alpha cells in human islets.

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Supplemental information (4)

PDF (2.64 MB)

Document S1. Figures S1–S8 and Tables S3 and S4

Spreadsheet (101.08 KB)

Table S1. Excel file containing the list of upregulated genes in the Cycling Alpha cluster vs. all other clusters, related to Figure 4

Spreadsheet (91.02 KB)

Table S2. Excel file containing the list of upregulated genes in clusters 0-1-2 of the Cycling Alpha cluster, related to Figure 5

PDF (9.69 MB)

Document S2. Article plus supplemental information

References

IDF Diabetes Atlas

Brussels, Belgium, 2021

Highlights

Summary

Related articles (40)

Supplemental information (4)

References

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