2 mei 2024: zie ook dit artikel: https://kanker-actueel.nl/microbioom-darmflora-van-de-dunne-darm-duodenale-blijkt-significant-veranderd-bij-personen-met-overgewicht-en-obesitas-vergeleken-met-die-bij-mensen-met-een-normaal-gewicht.html

5 november 2023: Zie ook deze search op microbioom - darmflora voor artikelen op onze website over de darmflora - microbioom.

5 november 2023: zie ook dit artikel: https://kanker-actueel.nl/darmbacterien-beinvloeden-werking-van-veel-medicijnen-waaronder-cholesterolverlagers-antidepressiva-en-de-anticonceptiepil-het-microbioom-darmflora-blijkt-grote-rol-te-spelen-in-onze-gezondheid-en-immuunsysteem.html

Wie advies wilt over hoe het microbioom te verbeteren zou contact op kunnen nemen met deze website: Www.microbiome-Center.nl Voor zowel artsen als individuele burgers staat een groep van artsen en wetenschappers klaar om u een persoonlijk advies te geven.

5 november 2023: bronnen, Nature, website UMCG,

Mensen met verdachte darmpoliepen vertonen significante verschillen in hun darmmicrobioom (darmflora) vergeleken met de algemene bevolking al 5 jaar voordat de darmpoliepen zich ontwikkelen. Dat blijkt uit de resultaten van het Dutch Microbiome Project uitgevoerd door onderzoekers van het UMCG onder leiding van onderzoeksleider Ranko Gacesa, PhD, van de afdeling Gastro-enterologie, Universiteit van Groningen, Nederland.

Ook blijkt uit hun onderzoek dat bepaalde bacteriën een rol spelen bij ontwikkelen van ziektes en andere bacteriën juist de gezondheid kunnen bevorderen, waardoor de samenstelling van het microbioom - darmflora aan te sturen is.

Uit een andere reviewstudie blijkt een gezonde darmflora - microbioom te stimuleren is met vooral plantaardige voeding en daarmee kan een gezonde microbioom - darmflora ook een stimulerende rol spelen bij patiënten die immuuntherapie krijgen voor hun vormen van kanker.

Achtereenvolgens wat extra informatie over bovenstaande en links naar abstracten en studierapporten. Te beginnen met de Groningse studie

"De bevindingen suggereren een mogelijke rol voor de darmmicrobiota bij de ontwikkeling van darmpoliepen en kanker. "Het suggereert ook dat darmbacteriën de momenteel gebruikte niet-invasieve fecale tests voor de detectie van darmpoliepen kunnen verbeteren en zelfs dat microbioom-modulerende therapieën een rol kunnen spelen bij de preventie van darmkanker", zegt dr. / prof. Ranko Gacesa, die de prijs voor beste onderzoek won en die de resultaten presenteerde op de United European Gastroenterology. UEG) Week 2023.

De onderzoekers vonden ook dat veel ziekten beïnvloed worden door de samenstelling van het microbioom. Er zijn specifieke groepen bacteriën in het microbioom die geassocieerd zijn met veel verschillende ziekten, dit ongeacht het precieze ziektebeeld. Het omgekeerde bleek ook het geval. Er zijn ook bacteriën in het microbioom die juist geassocieerd zijn met een betere gezondheid. Hierdoor waren de onderzoekers in staat om het karakter en het patroon van een gezond microbioom vast te stellen. En welke specifieke bacteriën een rol speelden bij bepaalde ziektes en welke bacteriën de gezondheid stimuleerden.

De onderzoekers gingen ook na welke factoren de samenstelling van het microbioom beïnvloeden. Naast bekende factoren als dieet, medicatiegebruik en ziekte, blijken ook andere factoren een effect te hebben. Het microbioom blijkt bijvoorbeeld gezonder als iemand in een groenere en minder vervuilde omgeving woont, en er minder fijnstof in de lucht is.
Ook hebben zij vastgesteld dat ook de leefomstandigheden van de ouders van de betreffende persoon invloed hebben. Als bijvoorbeeld iemand ouders heeft die roken of is opgegroeid in een landelijke omgeving, dan heeft dat ook invloed op zijn of haar microbioom.

Op de website van het UMCG staat een uitgebreidere uitleg van de studie zoals gepubliceerd in Nature (abstract verderop in dit artikel):

UMCG-onderzoekers identificeren samenstelling van gezonde darmflora

Inzichten in welke bacteriën in het microbioom geassocieerd zijn met ziekte en welke juist met gezondheid

14 april 2022

Er wordt vaak gesproken over gezonde darmflora, maar tot op heden is het eigenlijk niet duidelijk wat daarmee precies bedoeld wordt. Door grootschalig onderzoek hebben onderzoekers van het UMCG de samenstelling van een gezond microbioom nu goed kunnen bepalen. Zij konden dit vaststellen nadat zij van ruim 8200 Lifelines-deelnemers de samenstelling van het microbioom zeer uitvoerig hebben geanalyseerd. Zij konden hierdoor niet alleen een catalogus van het microbioom samenstellen, maar ook aangeven welke bacteriën in het microbioom betrokken zijn bij ziekte en welke juist bij gezondheid; dit heeft grote waarde voor vervolgonderzoek en medische toepassingen. Ook bleek uit hun studie dat niet alleen iemands huidige leefomstandigheden, maar ook omstandigheden uit het verleden, zoals de leefomgeving in de kindertijd, invloed hebben op de samenstelling van het microbioom. En dat samenwonen in een huishouden ervoor zorgt dat het microbioom van de betreffende personen grotendeels dezelfde samenstelling hebben. De bevindingen zijn vandaag gepubliceerd in het vooraanstaande wetenschappelijke magazine Nature.>>>>>>>lees verder

Hier het abstract van de studie:

Article
Published: 13 April 2022

Environmental factors shaping the gut microbiome in a Dutch population

Nature volume 604, pages732–739 (2022)Cite this article

35k Accesses
146 Citations
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Abstract

The gut microbiome is associated with diverse diseases1,2,3, but a universal signature of a healthy or unhealthy microbiome has not been identified, and there is a need to understand how genetics, exposome, lifestyle and diet shape the microbiome in health and disease. Here we profiled bacterial composition, function, antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in the gut microbiomes of 8,208 Dutch individuals from a three-generational cohort comprising 2,756 families. We correlated these to 241 host and environmental factors, including physical and mental health, use of medication, diet, socioeconomic factors and childhood and current exposome. We identify that the microbiome is shaped primarily by the environment and cohabitation. Only around 6.6% of taxa are heritable, whereas the variance of around 48.6% of taxa is significantly explained by cohabitation. By identifying 2,856 associations between the microbiome and health, we find that seemingly unrelated diseases share a common microbiome signature that is independent of comorbidities. Furthermore, we identify 7,519 associations between microbiome features and diet, socioeconomics and early life and current exposome, with numerous early-life and current factors being significantly associated with microbiome function and composition. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of gut microbiome and the underlying impact of heritability and exposures that will facilitate future development of microbiome-targeted therapies.

Een andere studie laat zien dat een gezonde microbioom - darmflora en natuurlijke voeding een stimulerende rol kan spoelen bij vormen van immuuntherapie.

Bacterial taxa in stool that are associated with specific dietary components, markers of nutrition and body composition, and response to ICI cancer treatment. Selected bacterial taxa are shown that have been reported in at least two studies. Specific taxonomic levels are denoted by prefix: c_ class; f_ family; g_ genus; s_ species.

Klik op de titel voor het volledige studierapport:

Gut microbiome and nutrition-related predictors of response to immunotherapy in cancer: making sense of the puzzle

BJC Reports volume 1, Article number: 5 (2023) Cite this article

1649 Accesses
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Abstract

The gut microbiome is emerging as an important predictor of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for patients with cancer. However, several nutrition-related patient characteristics, which are themselves associated with changes in gut microbiome, are also prognostic markers for ICI treatment response and survival. Thus, increased abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, Phascolarctobacterium, Bifidobacterium and Rothia in stool are consistently associated with better response to ICI treatment. A. muciniphila is also more abundant in stool in patients with higher muscle mass, and muscle mass is a strong positive prognostic marker in cancer, including after ICI treatment. This review explores the complex inter-relations between the gut microbiome, diet and patient nutritional status and the correlations with response to ICI treatment. Different multivariate approaches, including archetypal analysis, are discussed to help identify the combinations of features which may select patients most likely to respond to ICI treatment.

Conclusions

Despite the use of current tumour-based biomarkers it remains challenging to predict whether a given individual will have sustained response to ICI treatment. The patient’s gut microbiome profile and many nutrition-related features provide additional prognostic information, but it is not clear how best to incorporate these data to improve ICI treatment planning. A combination of statistical modelling and machine-learning techniques, such as archetypal analysis, is proposed to identify patterns or combinations of features associated with better outcomes after ICI treatment. This pattern-recognition approach may also identify mechanistically important co-dependencies between nutritional and gut microbiome data and lay the groundwork for future intervention studies to improve outcomes.

Data availability

Not applicable.

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Funding

This work was supported by funding from the Peter Brojde Lung Cancer Centre, Montreal, CA.

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Authors and Affiliations

Peter Brojde Lung Cancer Centre, Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada

Cecilia Hes & R. Thomas Jagoe
Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada

Cecilia Hes & R. Thomas Jagoe
Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada

Cecilia Hes

Contributions

CH and RTJ conceived and planned the review. CH drew the figures. Both authors contributed to writing the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Thomas Jagoe.

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