1 oktober 2021: Bron:  2021 Aug;32(8):1025-1033 Epub 2021 May 19.

Individuele voedingsondersteuning aan ernstig zieke kankerpatiënten met verschillende vormen van kanker tijdens het verblijf in het ziekenhuis vermindert de kans op overlijden binnen half jaar in vergelijking met standaard ziekenhuisvoeding. Uit de groep kankerpatienten die standaard ziekenhuisvoeding kregen overleden binnen een maand 50 patiënten (19,9 procent) Uit de groep kankerpatiënten die individuele voedingsondersteuning kregen stierven er 36, (14,1 procent). Een behoorlijk groot verschil natuurlijk. Ook binnen 6 maanden bleek het verschil groot. Dat blijkt uit een gerandomiseerde placebo gecontroleerde studie bij totaal 506 kankerpatienten. Waarvan longkanker (n = 113), gastro-intestinale tumoren (n = 84), hematologische maligniteiten (n = 108) en andere vormen van kanker (n = 201).

Figure 1Kaplan-Meier estimates stratified by NRS 2002 for 180-day mortality.

Figure thumbnail gr1

In deze vooraf geplande secundaire analyse van patiënten met kanker die waren opgenomen in een prospectieve, gerandomiseerde, gecontroleerde, Zwitserse, multicenter studie (EFFORT = Effect of early nutritional support on Frailty, Functional Outcomes and Recovery of malnourished medical inpatients Trial), vergeleken de onderzoekers protocol geleide geïndividualiseerde voedingsondersteuning (interventiegroep) met standaard ziekenhuisvoeding (controlegroep) met betrekking tot mortaliteit op dag 30 en dag 180 (primair eindpunt) en andere klinische uitkomsten die te maken hebben met bv kwaliteit van leven.

Uit het abstract vertaald:

Nutritioneel risico op basis van Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002) was een onafhankelijke voorspeller voor mortaliteit over 180 dagen met een (leeftijd-, geslacht-, centrum-, type kanker-, tumoractiviteit- en behandelings-) gecorrigeerde hazard ratio van 1,29 ( 95% BI 1,09-1,54; P = 0,004) per punt toename in NRS.
In de follow-upperiode van 30 dagen stierven 50 patiënten (19,9%) in de controlegroep vergeleken met 36 (14,1%) in de interventiegroep, wat resulteerde in een aangepaste oddsratio van 0,57 (95% BI 0,35-0,94; P = 0,027). Interactietests toonden geen significante verschillen in mortaliteit tussen de subgroepen van het kankertype. Voedingsondersteuning verbeterde ook aanzienlijk de functionele resultaten en de te nemen maatregelen voor de kwaliteit van leven.

Conclusies

Vergeleken met de gebruikelijke ziekenhuisvoeding zonder voedingsondersteuning, verminderde individuele voedingsondersteuning het risico op mortaliteit en verbeterde de functionele en kwaliteit van leven bij kankerpatiënten met een verhoogd voedingsrisico. Deze gegevens ondersteunen verder de opname van voedingszorg in richtlijnen voor het behandelen van kankerpatiënten.

Het volledige studierapport is gratis in te zien of te downloaden. Klik op de titel van het abstract.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE| VOLUME 32, ISSUE 8P1025-1033, AUGUST 01, 2021

Nutritional support during the hospital stay reduces mortality in patients with different types of cancers: secondary analysis of a prospective randomized trial


Highlights

  • Nutritional risk in patients with cancer was an independent prognostic indicator regarding 6-month mortality.
  • In patients with cancer and increased nutritional risk, individualized nutritional support reduced mortality.
  • Nutritional support also improved functional and quality of life outcomes.

Background

Nutritional support in patients with cancer aims at improving quality of life. Whether use of nutritional support is also effective in improving clinical outcomes requires further study.

Patients and methods

In this preplanned secondary analysis of patients with cancer included in a prospective, randomized-controlled, Swiss, multicenter trial (EFFORT), we compared protocol-guided individualized nutritional support (intervention group) to standard hospital food (control group) regarding mortality at 30-day (primary endpoint) and other clinical outcomes.

Results

We analyzed 506 patients with a main admission diagnosis of cancer, including lung cancer (n = 113), gastrointestinal tumors (n = 84), hematological malignancies (n = 108) and other types of cancer (n = 201). Nutritional risk based on Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002) was an independent predictor for mortality over 180 days with an (age-, sex-, center-, type of cancer-, tumor activity- and treatment-) adjusted hazard ratio of 1.29 (95% CI 1.09-1.54; P = 0.004) per point increase in NRS. In the 30-day follow-up period, 50 patients (19.9%) died in the control group compared to 36 (14.1%) in the intervention group resulting in an adjusted odds ratio of 0.57 (95% CI 0.35-0.94; P = 0.027). Interaction tests did not show significant differences in mortality across the cancer type subgroups. Nutritional support also significantly improved functional outcomes and quality of life measures.

Conclusions

Compared to usual hospital nutrition without nutrition support, individualized nutritional support reduced the risk of mortality and improved functional and quality of life outcomes in cancer patients with increased nutritional risk. These data further support the inclusion of nutritional care in cancer management guidelines.

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Figures

  • Figure thumbnail gr1
    Figure 1Kaplan-Meier estimates stratified by NRS 2002 for 180-day mortality.
  • Figure thumbnail gr2
    Figure 2Kaplan-Meier estimates of cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality within 30 days according to randomization group.
  • Figure thumbnail gr3
    Figure 3Odds ratios for mortality within 30 days in prespecified subgroups.

Tables


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