Zie ook deze search op onze website met het woord medicinale champignons.

27 juni 2025: Bron: Nutrients 2025, 17(9), 1568

Uit vele eerdere studies is aangetoond dat medicinale champignons en / of extracten daarvan een meer waarde kunnen betekenen voor kankerpatiënten. Al of niet aanvullend op andere reguliere behandelingen. Zie daarvoor deze search op onze website met het woord medicinale champignons.

Nu blijkt uit een grote reviewstudie dat voedingsinterventie met champignons en champignonextracten een positieve invloed hebben op het voorkomen of remmend werken bij onze mentale gezondheid, vooral bij neurologische aandoeningen zijn de effecten indrukwekkend groot.

Een paar regels uit 6 en 7 vertaald, zie studierapport voor individuele genoemde medicinale paddestoelen en extracten. En zie vooral ook de ruim 200 referenties onderaan dit artikel:

6. De rol van paddenstoelen op de neurologische gezondheid

In tegenstelling tot de gewone paddenstoelen die te vinden zijn in supermarkten (bijvoorbeeld button, shiitake, cremini, Portobello, oester, enoki, porcini), medicinale functionele paddenstoelen zoals Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus), Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), Cordyceps (Ophiocordyceps sinensis), Trametes (Coriolus versicolor), Shiitake (Lentinula edodes), Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) en oesterzwammen (Pleurotus ostreatus) bevatten onder andere bioactieve stoffen die de gezondheid van de hersenen, de immuniteit en het algehele welzijn kunnen beïnvloeden.

[119,124,125] (Table 1).

Table 1. Summary table of the genus, species, and common names of medicinal functional mushrooms mentioned in this section. (Authors’ images).

Hoewel chronische neurodegeneratieve ziekten complex zijn en hun pathogenese nog steeds onzeker is, is geconcludeerd dat hersenbeschadigingen (bijvoorbeeld door virusinfecties, hiv of herpes) ook retrotransposons en stille humane endogene retrovirussequenties (ERV's) kunnen activeren, die tot 8% van het menselijk genoom uitmaken en bijdragen aan neurodegeneratieve mechanismen [126]. Chronische ERV-activering kan vervolgens progressieve neurodegeneratie veroorzaken bij genetisch vatbare mensen, met cognitieve stoornissen en de ziekte van Alzheimer/dementie tot gevolg [127,128,129,130].

7. Samenvatting van de werkingswijze van paddenstoelen op neuroprotectie:

Het toedienen van paddenstoelensupplementen liet een vermindering en preventie zien van de mate van schade bij verschillende hersen-/zenuwweefselaandoeningen en verwondingen.

[143] (Figure 3).

Figure 3. A summary of functional mushrooms neuroprotective activities. PD-Parkinson’s Disease; AD-Alzheimer’s disease. ADHD, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuronal NLRP3 gene is an inflammasome multiprotein complex that drives neurodegeneration in PD.

De reviewstudie geeft een gedetailleerd verslag vanuit de onderzochte studies en is teveel om hier allemaal te vermelden. Maar hier verder nog een vertaling van het abstract en de introductie van de studie:

Samenvatting (abstract)

Vanwege de uitgebreide etiologieën en risico's die meer dan 600 soorten psychische problemen veroorzaken, is het opstellen van adequate aanbevelingen in de eerstelijnszorg een lastige opgave. Preventieve interventies bij neurologische aandoeningen starten met het kritisch onderzoeken van de risicofactoren en het aanpakken van meerdere gevaren om het succes van een vroegtijdig preventief bemiddelingsplan te vergroten. De belangrijkste risicofactor voor de meeste neurodegeneratieve aandoeningen is de stijgende wereldwijde mediane leeftijd, hoewel één op de zeven jongeren ook een verstandelijke beperking ervaart, namelijk depressie, wat een afname van welzijn vertegenwoordigt en een aanzienlijke uitdaging vormt voor de wereldwijde volksgezondheid. De hersenen functioneren optimaal wanneer ze worden ondersteund door een holistische benadering die rekening houdt met verschillende aspecten, en voeding wordt een integraal onderdeel van zorgstrategieën. De behandeling wordt momenteel gedomineerd door farmacotherapie, maar aanvullende strategieën zijn nodig om psychische stoornissen te voorkomen en te behandelen. Dieetaanpassing kan een kosteneffectieve strategie blijken te zijn voor de preventie en, onder bepaalde omstandigheden, de behandeling van neurologische aandoeningen. Moleculen van voedingsingrediënten, micronutriënten, fytonutriënten en additieven kunnen depressiegerelateerde biomarkers moduleren. Voedingsblootstelling tijdens de vroege ontwikkelingsstadia en de impact op de moeder, levensstijl en de modulatie van de darmflora via voeding als nieuwe therapieën voor de behandeling van diverse neuropsychiatrische aandoeningen winnen aan belangstelling voor het behoud van een gezonde hersenen. Bioactieve stoffen in verschillende paddenstoelensoorten worden toegeschreven aan zowel directe als indirecte mechanismen van invloed op neurogedrag, en hier ondersteunen we de erkenning van paddenstoelenvoeding als een invloedrijk voedingselement bij de preventie en behandeling van sommige neurologische aandoeningen. Wetenschappelijk bewijs dat het ondubbelzinnige verband tussen voedingspaddenstoelen en cognitieve gezondheid aantoont, begint zich nog maar net te ontwikkelen en nutritionele geneeskunde zou moeten worden beschouwd als een integraal onderdeel van de geestelijke gezondheidszorg.

1. Inleiding

De trends en snelheden van de wereldwijde vergrijzing verschillen aanzienlijk in diverse contexten, en zijn momenteel het meest prominent in landen met een hoog en middeninkomen. Dit komt door de hogere gemiddelde levensduur, dalende geboortecijfers en andere biologische veranderingen, evenals door de fysieke en sociale omgeving.Het ouder worden hangt samen met de snel toenemende incidentie van neurodegeneratieve ziekten; ongeveer 14% van de wereldbevolking kampt met psychische stoornissen. Wereldwijd lijdt zelfs zo'n 15% van de kinderen en adolescenten aan psychische problemen als gevolg van fysieke, emotionele en sociale veranderingen, waaronder blootstelling aan armoede, misbruik of geweld. [1,2].

Deze ziekten vertegenwoordigen een aanzienlijke vermindering van de gezondheidsbevordering en de bescherming van mensen en gemeenschappen, omdat ze cognitieve en motorische taken ernstig in gevaar brengen, wat uiteindelijk leidt tot een aanzienlijke afname van het welzijn en de levenskwaliteit, stigmatisering en discriminatie veroorzaakt en een aanzienlijke druk legt op de gezondheidszorgsystemen wereldwijd.[3,4,5].

Als reactie hierop en in een poging om de psychiatrie te integreren met de reguliere geneeskunde, werd het Actieplan voor Mentale Gezondheid 2013-2020 van de WHO aangenomen tijdens de 66e Wereldgezondheidsvergadering, later verlengd tot 2030 door de 72e Wereldgezondheidsvergadering in mei 2019, om de afstemming ervan op de Agenda voor Duurzame Ontwikkeling 2030 te garanderen. [6].

Er zijn meer dan 600 verschillende soorten aandoeningen van het zenuwstelsel [7] , waaronder meer dan 200 geclassificeerde soorten psychische aandoeningen. De definitie van een psychische stoornis is een doorlopend proces en is in de loop der tijd in opeenvolgende herzieningen aangepakt. Een psychische stoornis wordt gedefinieerd door de significante klinische impact ervan op de emotionele controle, cognitie, ideeën, gemoedstoestand, gedrag en houding van een individu, gekoppeld aan stress op belangrijke gebieden van fysieke prestaties. Het kan een korte tijd duren of iemands hele leven. [8].

Tot de psychische stoornissen of schadelijke disfuncties behoren emotionele instabiliteit (bijvoorbeeld geestesverlies of manische depressie), ongemak, angst en karakterverwarring, anorexia, boulimia en eetbuistoornis, schizofrenie, posttraumatische stressstoornis en stoornissen in het middelenmisbruik.[9,10].

De Internationale Classificatie van Ziekten (ICD-11) die in 2022 door de WHO werd uitgegeven, is nu officieel van kracht voor de meertalige en internationale digitale vastlegging en rapportage van oorzaken van ziekten en meer, met ongeveer 17.000 unieke codes, meer dan 120.000 codeerbare termen, zelfs traditionele geneeskunde, en interpreteert momenteel meer dan 1,6 miljoen termen[11].

Psychische stoornissen blijven wereldwijd toenemen en in 2024 leefde één op de acht mensen (970 miljoen mensen), 84 miljoen mensen in de Europese Unie (1 op de 6), met een cerebrale beperking [12]. De wijdverspreide aard van deze problemen omvatte aanzienlijke verstoringen in het denken, de emotionele regulatie of het gedrag, waarbij angst- en depressiestoornissen de meest voorkomende waren. Depressie treft wereldwijd zo'n 280 miljoen mensen, en angststoornissen treffen meer dan 300 miljoen mensen.[13,14].

Een groot aantal en verschillende soorten risicofactoren kunnen psychische aandoeningen veroorzaken. Daarom is het noodzakelijk om zo vroeg mogelijk zoveel mogelijk risico- en beschermende factoren te identificeren die van invloed kunnen zijn op individuen in verschillende ontwikkelingsfasen, om zo mogelijkheden voor effectieve interventie te identificeren.[15,16].

Preventie is een concept dat zo oud is als de medische praktijk zelf. Pas recentelijk is het echter algemeen aanvaard in de geestelijke gezondheidszorg [17]. Het uitgangspunt voor preventieve interventies bij psychische stoornissen is het scherp en ethisch onderzoeken van de risico- en beschermende factoren, aangezien niet al het bewijsmateriaal uit een gevarenbeoordeling doorslaggevend genoeg zal zijn om het ontwerp van een preventieve interventie te valideren [18]. Psychische stoornissen, waaronder depressie, angst en bipolaire stoornis, zijn verantwoordelijk voor een aanzienlijk deel van de wereldwijde invaliditeit en vormen een aanzienlijke sociale, economische en gezondheidslast.[19].

Hier ondersteunen we de erkenning van voedingsmiddelen en dieet, met name de voeding van paddenstoelen, als cruciale elementen in de preventie en behandeling van neurologische aandoeningen [20]. Nutraceutische benaderingen, als een aanvullende strategie van een gepersonaliseerde voedingsprocedure gebaseerd op bioactieve voedingscomponenten, komen naar voren als een primaire sterke partner voor hun neuronale herstel, regeneratie en therapeutische rol, gericht op het verbeteren van cognitieve disfunctie geassocieerd met hersenziekten zoals de ziekte van Parkinson, de ziekte van Alzheimer, multiple sclerose, angst en depressie.[21,22,23,24].

Het volledige studierapport is gratis in te zien of te downloaden, klik daarvoor op de titel van het abstract:

Supporting Neurologic Health with Mushroom Nutrition

Victoria Bell

1,2

Palmen Dimitrov

3 and

Tito Fernandes

4,*

Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Stª Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal

LAQV-REQUIMTE, Portuguese Research Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado, 55142 Porto, Portugal

Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria

Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Nutrients 2025, 17(9), 1568; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091568

Submission received: 16 April 2025 / Revised: 30 April 2025 / Accepted: 30 April 2025 / Published: 2 May 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Bioactive Compounds in Neuroprotection and Neurodegenerative Disease)

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Abstract

Due to the extensive types of etiologies and risks causing over 600 types of mental health issues, to convene adequate recommendations in primary care is a difficult assignment. The starting point for preventive interventions on neurologic disorders involves scrutinizing the risk factors while targeting multiple hazards in order to increase the success of an early precautionary mediation plan of action. The primary risk factor for most neurodegenerative diseases is the increasing worldwide median age, although one in seven youngsters also experience a mental disability, namely depression, representing a decline in well-being and conferring a considerable global public health challenge. The brain operates optimally when supported by a holistic approach engaging several aspects, and diet is becoming an integral part of care strategies. Treatment is presently dominated by pharmacotherapy, but additional strategies are needed to prevent and treat mental disorders. Dietary modification can prove to be a cost-effective strategy for the prevention and, in certain conditions, treatment of neurological disorders. Molecules of dietary ingredients, micronutrients, phytonutrients, and additives may modulate depression associated biomarkers. Nutritional exposure during the early developmental stages and maternal impact, lifestyles, and the modulation of the gut microbiota through diet as novel therapies for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric conditions is gaining interest for maintaining brain health. Bioactive substances present in different mushroom species have been ascribed to both direct and indirect mechanisms of influence on neurobehavior, and here we support the recognition of mushroom nutrition as an influential dietary element in prevention and management of some neurologic concerns. Scientific evidence demonstrating the unequivocal link between nutritional mushrooms and cognitive health is only beginning to emerge, and nutritional medicine should be considered as an integral part of mental care.

Table of Contents

Author Contributions

Conceptualization; supervision: T.F.; writing, original draft preparation: T.F., P.D. and V.B.; investigation: T.F., P.D. and V.B.; images: V.B.; review and editing, and validation: T.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Institutional Review Board Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

Not applicable.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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