Niet alle borstkankercellen zijn bij iedereen gevoelig voor al deze groeifactoren. Dit hangt o.a. af van de conditie van de hormoonreceptoren op deze cellen. Door bepaalde genetische afwijkingen verandert de werking van deze receptoren en worden ze meer of minder gevoelig voor 1 of meer groeifactoren.

Hierdoor kunnen borstkankercellen zich ongecontroleerd delen en groeien. De laatste paar jaren wordt er veel onderzoek gedaan naar de invloed van voeding, leefstijl en medicatie op de werking van deze hormoonreceptoren en de invloed hiervan op het ontstaan en de groei van hormoongevoelige kankers.

Er blijken verschillende stoffen en factoren te zijn, die de verstoorde werking van de hormoonreceptoren kunnen helpen herstellen. Hieronder vindt u een overzicht van de huidige stand van zaken van informatie over de invloed van voeding op hormoonreceptoren bij borstkanker. Deze informatie is afkomstig uit onderzoeken bij proefdieren, kankercellijnen en vrouwen met (een) borstkanker(verleden). Meer onderzoek is nog nodig.

Oestrogeengevoelige borstkanker

Ongeveer 70% van alle vormen van borstkanker blijkt voor de groei afhankelijk te zijn van oestrogenen. We noemen dit oestrogeengevoelige borstkanker. Het enzym aromatase is verantwoordelijk voor de omzetting van androgenen (testosteron) in oestrogenen in borstweefsel.

Om de groei van oestrogeengevoelige borstkanker te helpen voorkomen en afremmen is het belangrijk om:

• de werking van het enzym aromatase af te remmen
• de gevoeligheid voor oestrogenen van de oestrogeenreceptor te verminderen
• de afbraak van oestrogenen via de lever te stimuleren
• de heropname van oestrogenen uit de darmen te remmen

Aromatase-remmers

Aromatase, oestrogeensynthetase of oestrogeensynthase, is een enzym dat verantwoordelijk is voor een belangrijke stap in de biosynthese van oestrogenen. Het is een lid van de cytochroom P450 superfamilie (CYP19A1), een groep mono-oxygenases die stappen in de synthese van vele steroiden katalyseren. Aromatase is met name verantwoordelijk voor het omvormen van androgenen in oestrogenen. Het aromatase-enzym kan worden gevonden in veel weefsels waaronder geslachtsklieren, vetweefsel, placenta, botten, baarmoederslijmvlies.

Aromatase-remmers verminderen de productie van oestrogenen. Voedingsmiddelen en leefstijlfactoren die aromatase remmen zijn:

• Chrysine (een flavonoïde voorkomend in o.a. passieflora, honingraat en kamille) (113)
• Enterolactonen uit lignanen* (lijnzaad) (114)
• Resveratrol (rode en blauwe druiven, pinda’s, bosbessen, blauwe bessen, cacao) (115)
• Melatonine (voldoende en goede kwaliteit slaap! (109)
• Granaatappel (117)
• Vitamine D
• Curcumine (geelwortel)
• Citrusfruit (citrusflavonoïden)
• Oleuropeïne (extra vierge biologische olijfolie)
• Quercitine (rode appels, uien, citrusfruit)
• EGCG ( epigallocatechinegallaat) uit biologische Japanse sencha groene thee
• Genisteïne* (biologische tofu, tempeh, miso, sojasaus, peulvruchten)
• Apigenine (peterselie, selderij, paprika, Chinese kool (stimuleert ook de celdood van kankercellen)
• Arimidex (anastrazol, medicijn)

* Voor de positieve werking van deze stoffen is een gezonde darmflora vereist. De stoffen worden in de darm door gezonde darmbacteriën actief gemaakt en oefenen daarna pas hun positieve werking uit.

Factoren die aromatase verhogen

Factoren die de activiteit van aromatase verhogen en de aanmaak van oestrogenen stimuleren zijn:

• Overgewicht
• Verkeerde lichaamssamenstelling met relatief te veel vetmassa (buikvet)
• Alcoholgebruik
• Chronische ontstekingen en infecties
• Ontregelde insulinehuishouding
• Te veel suikers en koolhydraten
• Insuline

Lees verder dit artikel waar nog heel veel meer waardevolle informatie staat.  

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