Preventie: roken geeft een nog groter risico op blaaskanker - 4x zo hoog - dan altijd is gedacht blijkt uit groot bevolkingsonderzoek in Amerika

17 augustus 2011: Bron: JAMA

Mensen die veel roken hebben een 4x zo grote kans op het krijgen van blaaskanker dan niet rokers. Dit blijkt uit een groot bevolkingsonderzoek in Amerika onder bijna 500.000 mensen. Eerder onderzoek had al uitgewezen dat roken de kans op blaaskanker verhoogt, maar uit deze studie blijkt dat roken een zelfde risico op blaaskanker geeft dan longkanker. Het risico bleek gelijk voor mannen en vrouwen. Hier een beschrijvng van het abstract van de studie, gehaald uit een artikel van Medscape:

Bladder Cancer Risk From Smoking Higher Than Expected

Study Details

The study analyzed data from men (n = 281,394) and women (n = 186,134) enrolled in the National Institutes of Health-AARP (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study. All participants completed a lifestyle questionnaire and were followed between October 1995 and December 2006.

Over 4,518,941 person-years of follow-up, bladder cancer was newly diagnosed in a total of 3896 men and 627 women. This extrapolated to incidence rates of 144.0 per 100,000 person-years in men and 34.5 per 100,000 person-years in women.

The authors found that cigarette smoking was a strong risk factor for bladder cancer in both sexes.

Both former smokers (119.8 per 100,000 person-years; hazard ratio, 2.22) and current smokers (177.3 per 100,000 person-years; hazard ratio, 4.06) had higher risks for bladder cancer as compared with never-smokers (39.8 per 100,000 person-years).

As seen in previous studies, smoking cessation was associated with lower rates of bladder cancer risk in both sexes. More specifically, individuals who had quit for 10 years or longer before baseline had lower incidence rates of bladder cancer than those who quit 1 to 4 years or 5 to 9 years before baseline. However, as compared with never-smokers, the relative risks remained even for those who had quit smoking 10 years or more before baseline.

The authors also performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 previously published prospective cohort studies that evaluated the association between current cigarette smoking and incident bladder cancer. The studies were begun between 1963 and 1987, and the summary risk estimate of 2.94 was lower than observed in the current paper. They note that no evidence of publication bias was observed.

The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health. The authors have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

JAMA. 2011;306:737-745.

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