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7 november 2026: Bron: Springer Nature d.d. 4 november 2026

Uit een reviewstudie van 12 grootschalige bevolkingsonderzoeken met totaal 2,3 miljoen mensen blijkt dat een goede cardiovasculaire fitheid - afgekort CRF - het risico op het krijgen van de ziekte van Alzheimer en/of dementie vermindert en ook minder cognitieve stoornissen geeft in vergelijking met een mindere cardiovasculaire fitheid (CRF). 

Uit het abstract de uitkomsten vertaald:

In totaal kwamen 13 artikelen, gebaseerd op 12 unieke observatiestudies met in totaal 2.317.053 deelnemers, in aanmerking voor de analyse.
Bij vergelijking van de hoogste met de laagste kwantiel van de cardiovasculaire fitheid  (CRF)  (in MET-waarden = het meten van lichamelijke activiteit (beweging) bedroeg de gepoolde, voor meerdere variabelen gecorrigeerde RR = Response Rate (95%-BI):
  • 0,53 (95%-BI 0,44–0,64) voor dementie (9 studies, 2.276.366 deelnemers, 47.796 gevallen),
  • 0,35 (95%-BI 0,07–1,83) voor de ziekte van Alzheimer (2 studies, 62.705 deelnemers, 300 gevallen) 
  • 0,63 (95%-BI 0,42–0,93) voor cognitieve stoornissen (2 studies, 1.184.604 deelnemers, 609 gevallen).
  • Het relatieve risico (RR; 95%-betrouwbaarheidsinterval ) voor dementie per toename van 1 MET in de cardiovasculaire fitheid (CRF) bedroeg 0,93 (95%-BI 0,90–0,95).
Resultaten uit vier onderzoeken toonden aan dat het verhogen of behouden van een hoger iovasculaire fitheid-niveau in de loop van de tijd gepaard ging met een verlaagd risico op dementie  of cognitieve stoornissen.

De kernpunten van deze reviewstudie zijn:
  • Bij een samenvoeging van 9 cohortstudies met 2.276.366 deelnemers en 47.796 gevallen van dementie bleek dat mensen in de groep met de beste fysieke conditie een 47% lager risico op dementie hadden dan degenen in de groep met de slechtste conditie (risicoratio 0,53; 95%-betrouwbaarheidsinterval 0,44 tot 0,64).
  • Elke toename in fysieke conditie van 1 MET (overeenkomend met ongeveer 3,5 ml zuurstof per kg lichaamsgewicht per minuut) ging gepaard met een 7% lager risico op dementie (RR 0,93). Daarnaast bleek uit vier studies dat mensen die hun fysieke conditie in de loop van de tijd op peil hielden of verbeterden, een lager risico liepen.
  • Het resultaat voor uitsluitend de ziekte van Alzheimer was gebaseerd op slechts 2 onderzoeken en 300 gevallen, en was niet doorslaggevend (RR 0,35; 95%-betrouwbaarheidsinterval 0,07 tot 1,83). Het bewijsmateriaal is observationeel van aard; er is geen enkel onderzoek waaruit blijkt dat een betere fysieke conditie leidt tot minder gevallen van dementie.
Het volledige studierapport is tegen bepaalde voorwaarden gratis in te zien of te downloaden:

Hier het abstract zoals gepubliceerd 4 november 2026 in Springer Nature:

Cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of incident dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 cohort studies involving 2.3 million cognitively intact participants

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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Abstract

The precise nature and magnitude of the longitudinal association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and the risk of dementia remain incompletely characterized. Using a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational cohort studies in the general population, we sought to assess the association between CRF and the risk of incident dementia and related cognitive outcomes. Relevant studies with at least 1 year of follow-up were identified through searches of MEDLINE and Embase (January 2013 to April 2026), supplemented by manual reference screening and Web of Science citation searches through May 2026, and an updated PubMed search covering January to October 2026. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the top versus bottom quantile of CRF in METs and per 1-MET increment in CRF were pooled using random effects models. A total of 13 articles based on 12 unique cohort studies comprising 2,317,053 participants were eligible for the analysis. Comparing the top vs bottom quantile of CRF in METs, the pooled multivariable-adjusted RR (95% CI) was 0.53 (95% CI 0.44–0.64) for dementia (9 studies, 2,276,366 participants, 47,796 cases), 0.35 (95% CI 0.07–1.83) for Alzheimer’s disease (2 studies, 62,705 participants, 300 cases), and 0.63 (95% CI 0.42–0.93) for cognitive impairment (2 studies, 1,184,604 participants, 609 cases). The RR (95% CI) for dementia per 1-MET increment in CRF was 0.93 (95% CI 0.90–0.95). Results from four studies showed that increasing or maintaining higher CRF levels over time was associated with reduced risk of dementia or cognitive impairment. Aggregate evidence from longitudinal observational studies suggests higher levels of CRF may be associated with reduced risk of incident dementia and other cognitive outcomes in the general population. Systematic review registration: CRD420261381995.

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Data availability

All data included in this meta-analysis are publicly available from the original published studies. Extracted data can be requested from the corresponding author.

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Funding

There was no funding for this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Setor K. Kunutsor, Erwin Taguiam & Meriam Krache

  2. Cardiovascular Real-World Evidence (CARDIO-RWE) Research Group, Section of Cardiology, I.H. Asper Institute, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Setor K. Kunutsor, Erwin Taguiam & Meriam Krache

  3. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Setor K. Kunutsor

  4. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

    Jari A. Laukkanen

  5. Department of Medicine, Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Jari A. Laukkanen

Contributions

S.K. Kunutsor: study concept or design, major role in the acquisition of data, analysis or interpretation of data, drafting/revision of the manuscript for content, including medical writing for content. E. Taguiam: major role in the acquisition of data, drafting/revision of the manuscript for content including medical writing for content. M. Krache: major role in the acquisition of data, drafting/revision of the manuscript for content including medical writing for content. J.A. Laukkanen: study concept or design, drafting/revision of the manuscript for content, including medical writing for content.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Setor K. Kunutsor.

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Dementie, ziekte van Alzheimer, Cardiologische fitheid, CRF, cognitief, reviewstudie, bevolkingsonderzoek, Science, Springer Nature


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