Wie onze artikelen waardeert wil misschien ons helpen met een donatie. Zoals u weet hebben wij een ANBI status en is uw gift in ieder geval dit jaar nog aftrekbaar.

Ons rekeningnummer  NL79 RABO 0372931138 t.n.v. Stichting Gezondheid Actueel in Terneuzen. BIC/SWIFTCODE RABONL2U. Elk bedrag is welkom

19 oktober 2024: Bron: The Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine (met dank aan Marina die me op dit artikel wees)

Het Mitochondriaal stamcel verband (MSCC) blijkt een rol te spelen bij alle vormen van kanker en het ontstaan van uitzaaiingen. In the Orthomolecular Journal of Medicine is een studie gepubliceerd waarin een protocol van 7 verschillende orthomoleculaire middelen plus dieet plus enkele andere niet toxische middelen als therapeutisch medicijn gegeven zouden kunnen worden om het Mitochondriaal stamcel verband (MSCC) op een positieve manier te beïnvloeden.

Kernpunten van wat een Mitochondriaal stamcel verband (MSCC) inhoudt. Ik heb dit bewust niet vertaald omdat medisch Engels nog wel eens rare vertalingen kan geven. Maar verderop in dit artikel staat wel het belangrijkste uit het protocol vertaald in het Nederlands:

Key Points of the MSCC:

  • An alteration of OxPhos may initiate tumorigenesis in one or more normal stem cells, leading to the formation of CSCs (Martinez, et al., 2024).
  • The degree of malignancy could be directly correlated with significantly lower mitochondria and lower total respiratory capacity in tumor cells (Elliott, et al., 2012; Pedersen, 1978; Seyfried, et al. 2020).
  • In order to grow and survive, cancer cells require the primary fuels glucose and glutamine to compensate for OxPhos insufficiency. The respiratory impairment induces overexpression of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes, which contribute to abnormal energy metabolism in cancer. To date, no evidence has demonstrated the growth of any tumor cells, including CSCs, occurs with the deprivation of fermentable fuels (glucose, pyruvate, or glutamine) (Lee, et al., 2024; Liao, et al., 2017; Holm, et al., 1995; Mathews, et al., 2014; Pastò, et al., 2014).
  • The tumor microenvironment (a consequence of mitochondrial impairment) is characterized by low pH (acidic), hypoxia, entropy, pressure and deformation, increased temperature, stroma, altered rotation of cytoplasmic water, and damped bioelectricity or electromagnetic field (Martinez, et al., 2024).
  • Metastasis remains the leading cause of cancer mortality. According to MSCC, it occurs due to fusion hybridization between CSCs and macrophages (Martinez, et al., 2024; Seyfried & Huysentruyt, 2013).

These principles are applicable to all types of cancer.


In het studieverslag wordt een protocol beschreven van 7 verschillende bewezen orthomolecualire medicijnen die van invloed zijn op een Mitochondriaal stamcel verband (MSCC).

Achtereenvolgens worden beschreven met referenties naar studies van

Vitamine C, 
De antikankereigenschappen van vitamine C zijn al meer dan 50 jaar bekend (Mussa, et al., 2022). Vitamine C vertoont cytotoxische effecten op kankercellen, zowel in vitro als in vivo (Fan, et al., 2023). In vitro is vitamine C alleen effectiever dan chemotherapie (cisplatine) alleen bij het induceren van apoptose in colonkankercellen (Wang, et al., 2016). In vivo vermindert vitamine C alleen het tumorgewicht en het aantal metastasen bij alvleesklierkanker aanzienlijk, terwijl standaard chemotherapie (gemcitabine) alleen, die vaak wordt gebruikt bij alvleesklierkanker, het tumorgewicht en het aantal metastasen verhoogt (Polireddy, et al., 2017). In vivo hepatocellulair carcinoom vermindert vitamine C alleen CSC's en tumorvolume, terwijl conventionele therapie (cisplatine) alleen het tumorvolume vermindert (in mindere mate dan vitamine C) maar CSC's verhoogt (Lv, et al., 2018). Vitamine C kan direct infiltreren in de intracellulaire omgeving van tumoren, oxidatieve stress verminderen, zich richten op de mitochondriën van kankercellen en de dood van kankercellen, inclusief metastasen, veroorzaken (Roa, et al., 2020; Wan, et al., 2021).>>>>>>lees verder in studieverslag

Vitamine D,

Vitamine D heeft in vitro en in vivo antikankereffecten laten zien voor bijna alle soorten kanker (Chakraborti, 2011; Seraphin, et al., 2023). Net als vitamine C richt het zich op de mitochondriën door het metabolisme te verbeteren en de mitochondriale ademhaling te reguleren (Matta Reddy, et al., 2022; Quigley, et al., 2022). Vitamine D kan zich ook richten op CSC's en metastasen (Marigoudar, et al., 2022; Wu, et al., 2019) en de glycolyse- en glutaminolysepaden remmen (Sheeley, et al., 2022; Zhou, et al., 2016). Er is waargenomen dat dagelijkse vitamine D-suppletie de totale kankersterfte kan verminderen, maar dit is niet waargenomen voor onregelmatige grote bolusdoses (Keum, et al., 2022). Kankerpatiënten hebben vaak een vitamine D-tekort en zij kunnen baat hebben bij een effectieve behandeling met minimale risico's (Hohaus, et al., 2018), waaronder intraveneuze therapie (Dressler, et al., 1995; Fakih, et al., 2007; Trump, 2018).>>>>>>lees verder in studieverslag

Zink,........... 

Er zijn in totaal 151 publicaties die het verband tussen zinktekort en maligniteit bevestigen (Sugimoto, et al., 2024). Zinktekort wordt in verband gebracht met veel soorten kanker, waaronder slokdarm-, lever-, long-, borst-, colon- en andere (Lu, et al., 2006; Tamai, et al., 2020; Wang, Y., et al., 2019; Wu, et al., 2015). Zink vertoont toxiciteit voor kankercellen zonder bijwerkingen voor gezonde cellen en een tekort correleert negatief met overlevingskansen (Gelbard, 2022; Sugimoto, et al., 2024). Net als vitamine C kan zink een specifiek pro-oxidant effect hebben op kankercellen (Aljohar, et al., 2022).>>>>>>lees verder in studieverslag  

Potentiële farmaceutische medicijnen om Mitochrondiaal stamcelverband te beïnvloeden zijn:

Verschillende farmaceutische middelen kunnen zich primair richten op genetische paden die verband houden met CSC's, waaronder Vismodegib, Glasdegib, MK-0752, OMP-54F28 en Selinexor (Zhou, et al., 2021).
Andere farmaceutische middelen zijn voorgesteld om zich te richten op mitochondriën, zoals Metformine voor OxPhos (Ward, et al., 2017; Zheng, et al., 2023) Doxycycline, Tigecycline en Bedaquiline voor mitochondriale biogenese; Mdivi-1-medicijn in mitochondriale dynamiek; en 188Re-liposome en de remmer liensinine om mitofagie te blokkeren (Jagust, et al., 2019; Praharaj, et al., 2022). Meestal herstellen deze middelen echter de mitochondriale homeostase niet (Liu, Y., et al., 2023), omdat hun specifieke acties de disfunctie veranderen of slechts gedeeltelijk herstellen. De verandering van de mitochondriale functie met farmaceutische middelen moet daarom met voorzichtigheid worden overwogen, omdat het zeer gevaarlijk kan zijn voor gezonde cellen (Vuda & Kamath, 2016).

Hergebruikte medicijnen (off label) voor de beïnvloeding van een Mitochondriaal stamcel verband (MSCC):

Ivermectine:

Ivermectine is een antiparasitair middel dat is afgeleid van een bacterie genaamd Streptomyces avermitilis. Het heeft antikankereigenschappen en induceert autofagie en apoptose van kankercellen (Liu, et al., 2020). Ivermectine heeft een significante impact op verschillende kankercellijnen (Juarez, et al., 2020), waarbij het apoptose in kankercellen in vivo induceert (Sharmeen, et al., 2010) en het tumorvolume aanzienlijk vermindert in vergelijking met een controle (Juarez, et al., 2020). Het induceert apoptose in kankercellen via mitochondriale bemiddeling (Juarez, et al., 2018; Tang, et al., 2021). Ivermectine kan de pyruvaatkinase-spierisovormen targeten en reguleren in de laatste stap van de glycolyse (Li, et al., 2020). Het kan glycolyse-inducerende autofagie remmen (Feng, et al., 2022), en een selectief pro-oxidant effect hebben op kankercellen (Wang, et al., 2018). Het kan ook gericht zijn op CSC's en metastasen (Dominguez-Gomez, et al., 2018; Jiang, et al., 2022) en macrofagen (Zhang, et al., 2022). In vitro is Ivermectine effectiever in het remmen van CSC's in borstkankercellen vergeleken met chemotherapie (paclitaxel) (Dominguez-Gomez, et al., 2018). In vivo is Ivermectine alleen effectiever dan standaard chemotherapie (gemcitabine) alleen in het verminderen van tumorgewicht en -volume bij alvleesklierkanker (Lee, et al., 2022). Ivermectine is een zeer veilig medicijn.>>>>>>lees verder in studieverslag  


Benzimidazolen:

Een andere familie van medicijnen genaamd Benzimidazolen heeft veelbelovende antikankercapaciteiten, waaronder Fenbendazol en Mebendazol. Mebendazol en Fenbendazol zijn structureel zeer vergelijkbaar en over het algemeen net zo effectief bij kanker (Bai, et al., 2011; Florio, et al., 2019; Schmit, 2013), in zowel in vitro als in vivo modellen (Song, et al., 2022). Echter, alleen Mebendazol is door de FDA goedgekeurd voor gebruik bij mensen (Impax, 2016). Benzimidazolen hebben antikankereffecten door middel van microtubulipolymerisatie, inductie van apoptose, celcyclusarrestatie (G2/M), anti-angiogenese, het blokkeren van glucose (Son, et al., 2020) en glutaminepaden (Mukherjee, et al., 2023). Apoptose wordt geïnduceerd door mitochondriale schade en gemedieerd door p53-expressie (Mukhopadhyay, et al., 2002; Park, et al., 2022). Benzimidazolen richten zich ook op CSC's en metastasen (Son, et al., 2020; Song, et al., 2022) en dus op chemoresistente (cisplatine) kankercellen (Huang, et al., 2021). Mebendazol was in vitro krachtiger tegen maagkankercellijnen dan andere bekende chemotherapeutische geneesmiddelen (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatine, gemcitabine, irinotecan, paclitaxel, cisplatine, etoposide en doxorubicine) (Pinto, et al., 2015). Terwijl Mebendazole leidt tot een significant langere overleving vergeleken met standaard chemotherapie (temozolomide) voor glioblastoma multiforme in vivo (Bai, et al., 2011).
Mebendazole is vastgesteld als een veilig medicijn.>>>>>>lees verder in studieverslag  

DON (6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine):

DON is een glutamine-specifieke antagonist die krachtiger is dan benzimidazolen. DON heeft een krachtige antitumoractiviteit in vitro en in vivo (Olsen, et al., 2015). Het richt zich specifiek op glutamine en beïnvloedt ook de glucoseopname (Leone, et al., 2019). DON kan specifiek apoptose induceren in CSC's (Jariyal, et al., 2021) en metastasen aanpakken (Shelton, et al., 2010). Lage dagelijkse doses DON zijn niet toxisch (Lemberg, et al., 2018).


In het studieverslag wordt het volgende protocol voorgesteld om dat 12 weken lang te geven. Wel uiteraard in samenspraak met behandelende artsen, zowel regulier als complementair werkende artsen:

Voorgesteld hybride orthomoleculair protocol:

Op basis van ons onderzoek van de wetenschappelijke literatuur wordt het volgende protocol voorgesteld, dat orthomoleculen, medicijnen en aanvullende therapieën combineert om de MSCC te targeten bij kankerbehandeling:

Intraveneuze vitamine C

Intermediaire en hooggradige kankers: dosis van 1,5 g/kg/dag, 2-3x per week (Fan, et al., 2023).Vastgesteld als een niet-toxische dosis voor kankerpatiënten (Wang, F., et al., 2019)..

Orale vitamine D

Alle kankergraden: dosis van 50.000 IE/dag voor patiënten met een bloedspiegel ≤ 30 ng/ml; 25.000 IE/dag voor niveaus 30-60 ng/ml; en 5000 IE/dag voor niveaus 60-80 ng/ml.Vastgesteld als een niet-toxische dosis (Cannon, et al., 2016; Ghanaati, et al., 2020; McCullough, et al., 2019).Het is noodzakelijk om een ​​bloedspiegel van 80 ng/ml vitamine D (25-hydroxyvitamine D (25(OH) D) te bereiken (Kennel, et al., 2010; Mohr, et al., 2014; Mohr, et al., 2015). Dit niveau is niet-toxisch (Holick, et al., 2011). Zodra dit niveau is bereikt, moet het worden gehandhaafd met een verlaagde dagelijkse dosering van ≈ 2000 IE/dag (Ekwaru, et al., 2014). De vitamine D-bloedconcentratie moet elke twee weken worden gemeten voor hoge doses en maandelijks voor lagere doses..

Zink

Alle kankergraden: Dosis van 1 mg/kg/dag is vastgesteld als een niet-toxische dosis voor kankerpatiënten (Hoppe, et al., 2021; Lin, et al., 2006). Het referentiebereik voor serumzinkconcentratie is 80 tot 120 μg/dL (Mashhadi, et al., 2016; Yokokawa, et al., 2020). Zodra dit niveau is bereikt, moet het worden gehandhaafd met een verlaagde dagelijkse dosering van 5 mg/dag (Li, et al., 2022). De zinkconcentratie in het bloed moet maandelijks worden gemeten..

Ivermectine

Laaggradige kankers: dosis van 0,5 mg/kg, 3x per week (Guzzo, et al., 2002).Intermediate-gradige kankers: dosis van 1 mg/kg, 3x per week (Guzzo, et al., 2002).Hooggradige kankers: dosis van 1 mg/kg/dag (de Castro, et al., 2020) tot 2 mg/kg/dag (Guzzo, et al., 2002).Al deze doses zijn vastgesteld als verdraagbaar voor mensen (Guzzo, et al., 2002)..

Benzimidazolen en DON

Laaggradige kankers: Mebendazol: Dosis van 200 mg/dag (Dobrosotskaya, et al., 2011).Intermediate-gradige kankers: Mebendazol: Dosis van 400 mg/dag (Chai, et al., 2021).Hooggradige kankers: Mebendazol-dosis van 1.500 mg/dag (Son, et al., 2020) of Fenbendazol 1.000 mg 3x per week (Chiang, et al., 2021).Al deze doses zijn als verdraagbaar voor mensen vastgesteld (Chai, et al., 2021; Chiang, et al., 2021; Son, et al., 2020). Benzimidazolen kunnen worden vervangen of gecombineerd met DON, toegediend zonder toxiciteit; intraveneus of intramusculair: 0,2 tot 0,6 mg/kg eenmaal daags; of oraal: 0,2 tot 1,1 mg/kg eenmaal daags (Lemberg, et al., 2018; Rais, et al., 2022). Benzimidazolen zijn veel gemakkelijker te verkrijgen dan DON. Voor gemetastaseerde kankers, die sterk afhankelijk zijn van glutamine (Seyfried, et al., 2020), moet echter een combinatie van DON en benzimidazolen worden overwogen (Mukherjee, et al., 2023)..

Dieetinterventies

Alle kankergraden: Ketogeen dieet (koolhydraatarm-vetrijk dieet, 900 tot 1500 kcal/dag) (Weber, et al., 2020).Ketonmetabole therapie bestaat uit ongeveer 60-80% vet, 15-25% eiwit en 5-10% vezelachtige koolhydraten. Voldoende hydratatie en ketogene maaltijden met één ingrediënt zijn noodzakelijk om een ​​glucoseketonindex (GKI)-score van 2,0 of lager te bereiken (Meidenbauer, et al., 2015; Seyfried, Shivane, et al., 2021). GKI moet 2-3 uur na de maaltijd worden gemeten, indien mogelijk twee keer per dag (Meidenbauer, et al., 2015; Seyfried, Shivane, et al., 2021).Intermediaire en hooggradige kankers: het ketogene dieet moet worden gecombineerd met een watervasten gedurende 3 tot 7 opeenvolgende dagen bij gevorderde kankers (Phillips, et al., 2022; Arora, et al., 2023). Het watervasten moet meerdere keren worden herhaald (≈ elke 3-4 weken) gedurende de behandeling (Nencioni, et al., 2018), maar vasten moet voorzichtig worden uitgevoerd bij personen die bepaalde medicijnen gebruiken en bij personen met een BMI < 20, om verlies van magere lichaamsmassa te voorkomen.

Voor patiënten die niet kunnen vasten, kan het vasten-nabootsende dieet (300 tot 1.100 kcal/dag aan bouillon, soepen, sappen, notenrepen en kruidenthee) worden gebruikt (Nencioni, et al., 2018)..

Aanvullende therapeutische middelen

Alle kankergraden: matige fysieke activiteit, 3x per week. Verhoogde hartslag en ademhalingsfrequentie gedurende een periode van 45 tot 75 minuten (Bull, et al., 2020) bij activiteiten zoals fietsen, hardlopen, zwemmen, etc.Intermediaire en hoge graad kanker of personen die niet in staat zijn om fysieke activiteit te ondernemen:

Hyperbare zuurstoftherapie,

1,5 tot 2,5 ATA gedurende 45 tot 60 minuten 2-3x per week (Gonzalez, et al., 2018; Poff, et al., 2015).>>>>>>lees verder in studieverslag  

Het volledige studieverslag beschrijft nog veel meer dan wat ik hierboven heb vertaald. Klik op de titel van het abstract voor het volledige studieverslag:

Targeting the Mitochondrial-Stem Cell Connection in Cancer Treatment: A Hybrid Orthomolecular Protocol

Ilyes Baghli1, William Makis2, Paul E. Marik3, Michael J. Gonzalez4,5,6, William B. Grant7, Ron Hunninghake8, Thomas E. Levy8, Homer Lim9, Richard Z. Cheng10, Igor Bondarenko11, Paul Bousquet12, Roberto Ortiz13, Mignonne Mary14, Dominic P. D’Agostino15, Pierrick Martinez16

1 International Society for Orthomolecular Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
2 Alberta Health Services, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
3 Frontline COVID-19 Critical Care Alliance, Washington, DC, USA
4 University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, School of Public Health, San Juan, PR
5 Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Chiropractic, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
6 EDP University, Naturopathic Sciences Program, Hato Rey, Puerto Rico
7 Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
8 Riordan Clinic, 3100 North Hillside, Wichita, KS, USA
9 Akesis Holistic Health, Manila, Philippines
10 Cheng Integrative Health Center, Doctor’s Weight Loss Center, Columbia SC, USA
11 Medical Institute for Nutrition Science and Technology, Riga, LV-1005, Latvia.
12 Association Internationale pour une Médecine Scientifique Indépendante et Bienveillante, Amiens, France
13 Mexican Association of Orthomolecular Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
14 Remedy Room Integrative Medicine, New Orleans LA, USA
15 Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
16 Association Cancer et Métabolisme, 30000 Nîmes, France.
Correspondence: pierrick.martinez@protonmail.com

Author(s): Baghli I, et al.
Date of Publication: 19 September 2024

Citation: Baghli I, et al. (2024) Targeting the Mitochondrial-Stem Cell Connection in Cancer Treatment: A Hybrid Orthomolecular Protocol. J Orthomol Med. 39.3
Article PDF

Abstract

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

 

Acknowledgement

This manuscript is dedicated in memory of our colleague and friend Dr. Michael J. Gonzalez. He left a lasting impact on orthomolecular medicine, and we will strive to honor him through the publication of what will be one of his final contributions.

 

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mitochondriaal-stamcel-verband (MSCC), vitamine C, Vitamine D, Zink, ivermectine, Fenbendazole, Mebendazole, DON (6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine), dieet, orthomoleculair protocol, Journal of Orthomoleculair Medicine


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